World Economics and Politics
No.12，2006
Abstracts
1 Yu Sui Great Power Relations and Their Virtuous Interactions
7 Xue Chen Social Psychology, Misperceptions, and Transition & Enforcement of U.S. Perceptions of National Security: The Cases of 9.11 and Iraq
The term “security” is always affiliated to the nearly transcendent hypothesis of “anarchy” and concepts like “power” within the discourse on political realism. Formerly, the personal perception of security, which belongs to a microcosmic level of analysis, was often neglected by mainstream theorists. Nevertheless by introducing social psychology and policy-making analysis, psychology may gain an appropriate space of expression in the arena of security studies. The U.S. national security strategy underwent a transformation after September 11, which cannot be explained by the orbicular framework of the classical theories of geopolitics and hegemony. Rather, the transformation of the U.S. national security strategy to a large extent was due to the impact of the change in U.S. social psychology. On the one hand, the change in the perception of security offered a foundation for public opinion, while on the hand constraining the space for policy-making. With respect to the Iraq war, in addition to public opinion, policy makers were influenced by, or intentionally utilized, a series of misperceptions.
16 Wang Weinan, Zhou Jianming From Defense Transformation to Transformational Diplomacy——On the Evolution of U.S. National Security Strategy and Its Implications for China
The authors discuss the evolving U.S. national security strategy and its implications for China from the perspectives of defense strategy and diplomacy strategy, which are the two essential pillars of U.S. national security strategy. Defense transformation aims to build up a military force with an absolute advantage, which will put great geo-strategic pressures on China. Transformational Diplomacy aims to promote Western democracy in key regions and states through diplomatic means, with the intention of enhancing the ability of the United States to dominate the world. However, defense transformation and transformational diplomacy are merely changes of the means by which the United States commits itself to the goal of its national security strategy. The goal per se does not change at all. This evolution of U.S. strategy will place additional pressures on China in the short run, but will inevitably lead to a decline in the global strategic status of the United States in the world in the medium and long run.
22 Lin Minwang Global Governance in a Chaotic World: Studies of Rosenau's Turbulence Paradigm and Global Governance
James Rosenau's turbulence paradigm, which borrows chaos theory from the complex sciences, explains the changes in the international system in the post-cold war era. From three parameters of the international system, the turbulence paradigm illustrates that the world has changed into a bifurcated structure, thus displaying a chaotic state. In addition, the turbulence paradigm provides a new concept of global governance that relies on the self-organization of the international system. This paradigm, with its own characteristics, combines mainstream realism and liberalism theory, while not ignoring the ideational factor of constructivism. Thus, it has great explanatory power. However, at the same time it also has some problems.
31 Hu Chuanrong Clashes, Tensions, and Expectations of Cooperation: Feminism and Three Mainstream Theories
As a new marginal school of thought in International Relations, feminism constantly encounters realism, liberalism, and constructivism, which are the mainstream theories in the discipline. There are clashes and tensions between cooperation and divergence, as well as expectations of cooperation. Although there are various dissenting views and even clashes between feminism and the mainstream theories, feminism does not see itself as an absolute truth to displace the mainstream theories. It hopes to introduce a gender perspective to the field of international relations, and to encourage the field to realistically depict the true features.
40 Liang Wenmin Women and War——Understanding and Reflection on Western Feminist Perspectives on War
War and peace are a core issue in the study of international relations. Western feminism profoundly explores the relations between women and war, and thus provides unique views on war that are totally different from traditional IR theories. Based on a discussion of their common premises, this article compares three typical feminist perspectives on war, and subsequently offers a critical perspective. In conclusion, this article makes some suggestions for future studies of this issue.
46 ［USA］Jonathan Mercer Human Nature and the First Image: Emotion in International Politics
Analysts commonly view emotion as irrational, as part of human nature, and therefore as part of a first-image approach to politics. However, emotion is necessary to rationality and first-image and human nature arguments are not synonymous. A first-image explanation can be independent of human nature, and a human nature argument can be used at different levels of analysis. This article first explores the relationship between emotion and rationality and divides the literature on emotion into four groups: as epiphenomenal, as a source of irrationality, as a tool for savvy strategic actors, and as a necessary aspect of rationality. After developing the different approaches to emotion, the article explores three uses of emotion at different levels of analysis.
54 Wang Yahua, Hu Angang Observations on China's Development based on an International Comparison: Analysis based on the Framework of Five Major Capitals and Total Capital
Based on a comprehensive framework of five major capitals and the World Bank database of world development indicators, the authors analyze developmental trends in contemporary China from the perspective of international comparisons. The increase of five major capitals in China drives the total capital to rise sharply, with the fastest rate of change of major countries and an increasing share of the world volume. China is has one of the world's highest levels of total capital accumulation. China's accumulation level of total capital keeps ahead of its economic development and is supported by a high level of physical capital accumulation. A major challenge for China is that the level of the accumulation of physical capital is too high while the level of human capital accumulation too low. In the future, China should allocate the five major capitals more rationally, in particular, promoting the efficiency of physical capital and greatly increasing investment in human capital.
60 Liu Changli The Avoidance of a Sino-Japanese Free Trade Zone by the Japanese Government：Causes and China’s Countermeasures
The Japanese government took the attitude of avoiding the suggestion by the Chinese government to establish a Sino-Japanese free trade zone. This implies that the Japanese government does not truly treat China as a friendly neighbor in a political sense, nor does it view Sino-Japanese economic relations as a favorable factor to boosting Japanese economic development and structural adjustments. This reveals the intention of the Japanese government to dominate the East Asian economic alliances. Because the Sino-Japanese free trade zone is an important path for breaking the stalemate between the two countries and is important to promoting Sino-Japanese economic relations and the East Asian free trade zone and to developing the East Asian community, China should therefore persist in promoting a Sino-Japanese free trade zone.
66 The Editorial Department Review of International Relations Theories and International Hot Issues (Last Part)
In recent years, Chinese IR scholars have paid much attention to international hot issues while closely following the development of both IR mainstream and non-mainstream theories. Following a brief review of constructivism, the British School, and feminism that was published in our November 2006 issue, this issues attempts to summarize the studies of Chinese scholars with respect to UN reform, the legacy of World War II, and Chinese energy security. It is hoped that this summary will present a comprehensive picture of IR studies in China today.
76 Tian Chunsheng What is Happening to the Russian Economy?——Review of the Symposium on the Economies of China, Russia, and Eastern Europe
78 The Editorial Department An Index to World Economics and Politics for 2006
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